Result of the research : 'tradition'
Tristan Tzara (born Samuel or Samy
Rosenstock, also known as S. Samyro; April 4 or April 16, 1896 –
December 25, 1963) was a Romanian and Frenchavant-garde poet, essayist and performance
artist. Also active as a journalist, playwright, literary and art critic,
composer and film director, he was known best for being one of the founders and
central figures of the anti-establishmentDada movement. Under
the influence of Adrian Maniu, the adolescent
Tzara became interested in Symbolism and co-founded the magazine Simbolulwith Ion Vinea (with whom he also wrote experimental poetry) and painter Marcel
Janco. During World War I, after briefly collaborating on Vinea's Chemarea, he joined Janco in Switzerland.
There, Tzara's shows at the Cabaret Voltaire and Zunfthaus zur Waag, as well as his poetry and art
manifestos, became a main feature of early Dadaism. His work represented
Dada's nihilisticside, in contrast with the more moderate approach favored by Hugo Ball. After moving to Paris in 1919, Tzara, by then one of the "presidents of
Dada", joined the staff of Littérature magazine, which
marked the first step in the movement's evolution toward Surrealism.
He was involved in the major polemics which led to Dada's split, defending his
principles against André Breton and Francis
Picabia, and, in Romania, against the eclecticmodernism of
Vinea and Janco. This personal vision on art defined his Dadaist plays The Gas
Heart (1921) and Handkerchief of Clouds (1924). A
forerunner of automatist techniques, Tzara eventually
rallied with Breton's Surrealism, and, under its influence, wrote his
celebrated utopianpoem The Approximate Man. During the final part of his career, Tzara combined his humanist and anti-fascistperspective with a
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african art / art africain / primitive art / art primitif / arts
premiers / art gallery / art tribal / tribal art / l'oeil et la main /
galerie d'art premier / Agalom / Armand Auxiètre /
www.african-paris.com / www.agalom.com
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Arman (November 17, 1928 – October 22, 2005), was a French-born Americanartist.Born Armand Pierre Fernandez in Nice, France, Arman is
a painter who moved from using the objects as paintbrushes ("allures
d'objet") to using them as the painting itself. He is best known for his
"accumulations" and destruction/recomposition of objects. BiographyArman's father, Antonio Fernandez, an antiques dealer in Nice, was also an
amateur artist and photographer, as well as a cellist. From his father, Arman
learned oil
painting and photography. After receiving his bachelor's degree in
philosophy and mathematics in 1946, Arman began studying at the Ecole Nationale
d'Art Decoratif in Nice. He also began learning Judo at a police Judo
School in Nice where he met the artists Yves Kleinand Claude Pascal. The trio would
bond closely on a subsequent hitchhiking tour of the nations of Europe. Completing
his studies in 1949, Arman enrolled as a student at the École
du Louvre in Paris,
where he concentrated on the study of archaeology and oriental art. In 1951,
Arman became a teacher at the Bushido Kai Judo School. During this time he also
served in the French military, completing his tour of duty as a medical orderly
during the Indo-Chinese War. Early careerEarly in the development of his career, it was apparent that Arman's concept
of the accumulation of vast quantities of the same objects was to remain a
significant component of his art. Ironically, Arman had
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André Breton (February 19, 1896 – September 28, 1966) was a French
writer, poet, and surrealisttheorist, and is best known as the main founder of surrealism.
His writings include the Surrealist Manifesto of 1924, in which he defined
surrealism as pure psychic automatism. BiographyBorn to a family of modest means in Tinchebray(Orne) in Normandy, he
studied medicineand psychiatry.
During World War I he worked in a neurological ward in Nantes, where he
met the spiritual son of Alfred Jarry, Jacques
Vaché, whose anti-social attitude and disdain for established artistic
tradition influenced Breton considerably. Vaché committed suicide at age 24
and his war-time letters to Breton and others were published in a volume
entitled Lettres de guerre (1919), for which Breton
wrote four introductory essays. From Dada to SurrealismIn 1919 Breton founded the review Littérature with Louis
Aragon and Philippe Soupault. He also connected with DadaistTristan
Tzara. In 1924 he was instrumental to the founding of the Bureau of Surrealist Research. In The Magnetic Fields (Les Champs Magnétiques),
a collaboration with Soupault, he put the principle of automatic writing into practice. He published
the Surrealist Manifesto in 1924, and
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Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula
Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Martyr Patricio Clito Ruíz y Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was
an Andalusian-Spanishpainter, draughtsman,
and sculptor.
As one of the most recognized figures in twentieth-century art, he is best known for
co-founding the Cubistmovement and for the wide variety of styles embodied in his work. Among his
most famous works are the proto-Cubist Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907) and
his depiction of the German bombing of Guernica during the Spanish Civil
War, Guernica (1937) Biography Picasso was baptized Pablo Diego José
Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima TrinidadClito, a series of names honouring various saints and relatives. Added to these
were Ruíz and Picasso, for his father and mother, respectively, as per Spanish
custom. Born in the city of Málaga in the
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André Derain (10 June 1880 – 8 September
1954) was a French painter and co-founder of Fauvism with Henri
Matisse.
Biography
André Derain was born in 1880
in Chatou, Yvelines, Île-de-France, just outside Paris. In 1898,
while studying to be an engineer at the Académie Camillo, he attended painting
classes under Eugène Carrière, and there met Matisse.
In 1900, he met and shared a studio with Maurice de Vlaminck and began to paint his
first landscapes.
His studies were interrupted from 1901 to 1904 when he was conscriptedinto the French army. Following his release from service, Matisse persuaded
Derain's parents to allow him to abandon his engineering career and devote
himself solely to painting; subsequently Derain attended the Académie
Julian.Derain and Matisse worked together through the summer of 1905 in the Mediterraneanvillage of Collioureand later that year displayed their highly innovative paintings at the Salon
d'Automne. The vivid, unnatural colors led the critic Louis
Vauxcelles to derisively dub their works as les Fauves,
or "the wild beasts", marking the start of the Fauvist movement.
In March 1906, the noted art dealer Ambroise
Vollard sent Derain to London to compose a series of paintings with the
city as subject. In 30 paintings (29 of which are still extant), Derain put
forth a
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Jean Paul Barbier-Mueller is a Swiss collector, born in Geneva in 1930. Biography
He has been under the influence of a passionnate father : poetry, philosophy,
musicor science (he got his PhD in biology at the age of 47).
After law studies in Geneva and London, he registers at the Bar and become
manager, at the age of 28, of a financial society. In 1960, he creates his own
society, the Private Society of Managment, specialized in the managment of the
housing stock and construction of social flats.
Collector as his father-in-law Josef Mueller, he goes in for « non-western »
arts. With his wife Monique, he creates in 1977 the Barbier-Mueller museum,
which organize more than seventy-five exhibitions, most of them attended with
importants catalogues, presenting the differents sections of the familial
collection, with the contribution of major european, american and asian
museums. He carries out or finances researches in Sumatra, in Ivory Coast and
Guinea. He’s one of the best expert of the Batak ethnic group, in the north of
Sumatra. In may 1997, the Barbier-Mueller precolombian art museum opens
opposite to the Picasso museum, in Barcelona. The town council offers a
long-time loan from the Nadal Palace to expose around 400 works of art from
Pre-Hispanic America. Jean Paul Barbier-Mueller is also a recognized specialist of the poetry and the
french history of the 16th century. Bibliophile since the age of 13, he has gathered
one of the most full library devoted to Ronsard and other authors of the Pléiade.
Entitled « Ma Bibliothèque poétique », the catalogue of this collection
count 7 volumes already published. Jean Paul Barbier-Mueller has also written
many articles for journals such as « Bibliothèque d’humanisme »,
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Germaine
Dieterlen (1903-1999) was a French anthropologist.
She was a student of Marcel Mauss and wrote on a large range of ethnographictopics and made pioneering contributions to the study of myths, initiations,
techniques (particularly "descriptive ethnography"),
graphic systems, objects, classifications, ritual and social
structure. She is most noted for her work among the Dogon and the Bambaraof Mali, having
lived with them for over twenty years, often in collaboration with noted French
anthropologist Marcel Griaule (1898-1956). Themes
Some of the main themes in her work concentrate
on the notions of sacred kingship, the position of the first born, relationships between
maternal uncles and nephews, division
of labor, marriage,
and the status of the rainmaker in Dogon society. Because each episode of the
rite is enacted only once every sixty years, Dieterlen's documentation of the sigui cycle allowed the Dogon
themselves to see and interpret the entire sequence of rites which they had
heretofore only observed in part. Researches
Dieterlen began her ethnographic research in Bandiagara,
Mali in 1941. Perhaps most controversially, Dieterlen was criticized by her
peers for her publications with Griaule on Dogon astronomy,
which professed an ancient knowledge of the existence of a dwarf white star,Sirius Balso called the Dog
Star, invisible to the naked eye. This ancient
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african art / art africain / primitive art / art primitif / arts
premiers / art gallery / art tribal / tribal art / l'oeil et la main /
galerie d'art premier / Agalom / Armand Auxiètre /
www.african-paris.com / www.agalom.com
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Julien Michel
Leiris (April
20, 1901 in Paris – September
30, 1990 in
Saint-Hilaire, Essonne)
was a Frenchsurrealistwriter and ethnographer. BiographyMichel Leiris obtained his baccalauréat in
philosophy in 1918 and after a brief attempt at studying chemistry, he
developed a strong interest in jazz and poetry. Between 1921 and 1924, Leiris
met a number of important figures such as Max Jacob, Georges Henri Rivière, Jean
Dubuffet, Robert Despos, Georges
Bataille and the artist André
Masson, who soon became his mentor. Through Masson, Leiris became a member
of the Surrealistmovement, contributed to La Révolution surréaliste, published Simulacre(1925), and Le Point Cardinal (1927), and wrote a surrealist novel Aurora(1927-28; first published in 1946). In 1926, he married Louise Godon, the
step-daughter of Picasso's dealer Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler and traveled to
Egypt and Greece. Following a fall out with André
Breton in 1929, he joined Bataille’s team as a sub-editor for Documents, to which he also regularly
contributed articles such as “Notes on Two Microcosmic Figures of the 14th and
15th Centuries” (1929, issue 1), “In Connection with the ‘Musée des
Sorciers" (1929, issue 2), "Civilisation" (1929, issue 4), “The
‘Caput Mortuum’ or the Alchemist’s Wife” (1930, issue 8), and on artists such
as Giacometti,Miró, Picasso, and the
16th
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Marcel Griaule (Aisy-sur-Armançon, Yonne, 1898 - Paris, 1956) is a french ethnologist. After having passed several months in Abyssinia (1928 - 1929), he organised the crossing of Africa from west to east: it's the Dakar-Djibouti mission from
1931 to 1933 with Michel Leiris, André Schaeffner and other ethnologists, marking in the same time the start of the field ethnology. During this expedition, he studied the Dogon group, on which he consacred the majority of his researches.
Very linked to the dogon culture, he contributed to the development of the region by promoting the construction of an irrigation boom for the culture of onion and pepper in the region of Sangha.
One of his main contribution (related to ethnology) is having proved that the dogon cosmogony is at least as important as the western ones. However, he'll be very criticized for having under-estimate the western influence in the dogon astronomical knowledge. He has been one of the rare ethnologists to get traditional african funerals.
In 1941, he stood in for his former amharique professor Marcel Cohen, unauthorised to teach because of the anti-Semitic laws, at the INLCOV (School of the Eastern Languages). From 1943 to his death, he's professor at la Sorbonne (first chair of ethnology). He's also advisor of the French Union. From 1940, he was the general secretary of the Africanists Society.
He has
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Armand Auxiètre always bathed in the world of the collection.His
grandfather and his father before him constituted, according to time
and discoveries, a collection of many and various objects, ancient books and objects coming from all parts of Africa.During his youth, Armand evolves in a particular world, where he educates his look naturally.Having
crossed several certificates of cabinetmaking, he crosses successfully
his certificate of the jobs of art to the Ecole Boulle, and develops
at the same time his knowledge in african art.The attraction between the african sculpture and Armand Auxiètre is first plastic, immediate, obvious.A love was born, which will be developed in the course of meetings, discoveries and of readings.Soon
the pleasure of being encircled with items becoming too big to resist
the desire to share this passion, Armand takes back the ancient
bookshop of his grandmother, and perpetuates the family presence
initiated in the fifties in 41, street of Verneuil, by creating the
gallery "L'Oeil et la
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- The exhibition « Africa Remix » in the Centre Pompidou from 25th of May until the 15th of August 2005, raised a panorama of African contemporary art.
A Achi - Adangmé - Adio - Afar - Afo - Aka - Akan - Akyem -
Akwaim - Alagya - Aman - Amhara - Amba - Ambo - Angoni - Anga - Ankwé -
Ano - Anyi
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